Herein, we decouple the design of stretchability and transience by harmonizing polymer physics principles and molecular design in order to demonstrate for the first time a material that simultaneously possesses three. The development of stretchable electronics has opened the potential for novel types of wearable electronic devices. Pss and functional polymers including polyaniline are used for the realisation of. Flexible electronics and displays ieee seminar report. Pdf flexible and stretchable electronics progress, challenges. Flexible and stretchable electronics have been subjects of interest for decades to scientists and industrial manufacturers. The device would then need to be conformable or stretchable.
Despite the fact that we have seen significant incremental performance improvements over recent generations of prototypes, the industry has not yet been able to massproduce conductiveinkenabled stretchable components capable of consistently. This book is a printed edition of the special issue flexible and stretchable electronics that was published in micromachines download pdf add this book to my library. In addition to stretchable devices, the topic of ultraflexible electronics is treated, highlighting its. The key factor behind covers the organic, inorganic and nano materials that exhibit completely different mechanical and electrical properties, as well. A team at the georgia institute of technology georgia tech has developed these electronics. The field of stretchable electronics is of growing interest 1,2, motivated both by fundamental considerations in material science and by application spaces in. We begin with a brief overview of the materials and the architecture of stretchable electronics, then we discuss stretchable substrates, encapsulation, interconnects, and the fabrication of devices and circuits. Flexible and stretchable electronics paving the way for soft robotics nanshu lu1 and daehyeong kim2 abstract planar and rigid waferbased electronics are intrinsically incompatible with curvilinear and deformable organisms. Many new applications become possible ranging from electronic eye cameras to wearable electronics, to biointegrated therapeutic devices. Flexible and stretchable electronics for wearable health. Flexible and stretchable electronics linkedin slideshare.
Flexible and stretchable electronics for biointegrated devices. Developed in the lab of john rogers, phd, professor of neurological surgery and at the mccormick school of engineering, in partnership with shirley ryan abilitylab, the sensor is the latest in rogers growing portfolio of stretchable electronics that are. The market is poised for growth owing to several benefits offered by these electronics such as long switching times, simple fabrication, and low fabrication cost. Stretchable, flexible electronics are an attractive component for skinattached sensors and monitors. Figure 2a presents an example of the design approach of fig. The buckled, wavy surface of metals, semiconductors, or electronic device layers will be shown to be reversibly stretchable. Recent development of organic and inorganic flexible and stretchable electronics enabled sensing, stimulation, and actuation offor soft biological and artificial entities. The remarkable ability of biological systems to sense and adapt to complex environmental conditions has inspired the design of nextgeneration electronics with advanced functionalities. Electronics can be made on elastically stretchable skin.
In conclusion, research on flexible and stretchable electronics to date has attracted much attention and tremendous advances have been achieved, although it is developing further all the time. Stretchable electronics market size global industry. These devices, which are often encased in elastomeric materials, maintain or adjust their functionality during deformation, but can fail catastrophically if extended too far. Materials for stretchable electronics mrs bulletin. Flexible and stretchable electronics for biointegrated devices daehyeong kim,1 roozbeh ghaffari,2 nanshu lu,3 and john a. Flexible electronics can meet to a large extent the irregularities of the human body. Flexible and stretchable power sources for wearable. For increased user comfort, it would however be preferred that the electronics device can be deformed in more than one direction simultaneously. Stretchable electronics are the new machinebody interface.
A groundbreaking new wearable designed to be worn on the throat could be a gamechanger in the field of stroke rehabilitation. Stretchable electronics represents a relatively recent class of technology1,2 of interest partly due to its potential for applications in sensory robotic skins,3,4 conformal photovoltaic modules,5,6 wearable communication devices,7,8 skinmounted monitors of physiological health,911 advanced, soft surgical and clin. Stretchable electronics kindle edition by someya, takao. Pdf for the last sixty years, miniaturization of electronics fabricated on prominent active electronic materials like silicon, germanium, iiiv. Stretchable electronics electronic components that can be elongated or twisted known as stretchable electronics. Here, we report new functional composites in which stretchable. Materials and mechanics for stretchable electronics science. Section 4 is on the stretchable electronics application of the buckling. Recently, 2d materials have been intensively studied as emerging materials for future electronics, including flexible electronics, photonics, and electrochemical energy storage devices. This thesis research focuses on the development of a new stretchable and screen printable conductive ink. Elastomeric conductor materials that readily deform while. Flexible and stretchable power sources represent a key technology for the realization of wearable electronics. Stretchable electronic circuits and systems will be critical for future wearable devices and smart textiles, where existing flexible printed circuit board techniques severely limit conformal deformation.
Pdf allprinted flexible and stretchable electronics researchgate. Applications in flexible and stretchable electronics 54. To achieve this, standard silicon or polymeric substrate materials were replaced by elastomers and one of the key technical. On a daily basis, our requirements for technology become more innovative and creative and the field of electronics is helping to lead the. Development of a new stretchable and screen printable. As an emerging technology, flexible and stretchable electronics requires the scalespan fabrication of devices involving nanofeatures, microstructures and macroscopic large area manufacturing. Stretchable electronics, polymer layers key to wearable.
Mechanics of stretchable electronics sciencedirect. Though mc10 isnt sharing much information about its partners, stretchable electronics could enable users to pay for groceries or access a hotel room with the wave of a hand or participate in. Stretchable circuits are made of diverse materials that span more than 12 orders of magnitude in elastic modulus. Rogers,1,2,3 takao someya,4 yonggang huang5 recent advances in mechanics and materials provide routes to integrated circuits that can offer the electrical properties of conventional, rigid waferbased technologies but with the ability to be stretched, compressed, twisted, bent, and deformed into arbitrary. Stretchable electronics, also known as elastic electronics or elastic circuits, is a technology for depositing stretchable electronic devices and.
Pdf a fully automated additive manufacturing process that produces allprinted flexible and stretchable electronics is demonstrated. Fatigue life prediction of serpentine interconnects on. Mechanochromic stretchable electronics acs applied. Download the pdf and doc seminar report with ppt on flexible electronics and displays focusing its history, concepts, circuit structure, latest technological advances and applications. Flexibility and stretchability of electronics are crucial for next generation electronic devices that involve skin contact sensing and therapeutic actuation. Seminar report on flexible electronics by sourabh kumar flexible electronics is a new trend in electronics industry to handle the increasing burden on chips. Stretchable conductive ink is a key enabler for stretchable electronics. Stretchable electronics enables new applications such as stretchable displays 1, electronic skins 2, flexible sensors for personalized healthcare 3 and conformal electrode arrays to interface the heart and brain 4 that are not possible with rigid electronics.
Pdf materials for stretchable electronics semantic scholar. Stretchable electronics, also known as elastic electronics or elastic circuits, is a group of technologies for building electronic circuits by depositing or embedding. Fabrication process and electromechanical characterization of a. Stretchable electronics wiley online books wiley online library. The discovery of the transistor in the midtwentieth century has revolutionized modern electronics and transformed the way we live, experience. Stretchable electronics, optoelectronics, and integrated systems the ideas of fig. Devices 57 57180 8 kim dh et al 2011 epidermal electronics science 333 83843 9 wagner s and bauer s 2012 materials for stretchable electronics mrs bull. Stretchable electronics is the newest class of largearea electronics. The design space for products is opened up with stretchable electronics. Stretchable electronics electronic materials general.
A number of applications demand the system to sustain repetitive loadings, which lead to fatigue failure of serpentine interconnects. Printed stretchable electronics based on the use of conductive inks are still an emerging technology. We present a unique approach that demonstrates mechanically robust, intrinsically safe. Manufacturing process is independent of final encapsulation material, which can be various types of polyurethane pu or silicones pdms. It is a technology for assembling electronic circuits by mounting electronic devices on flexible plastic substrate. Quite literally largearea electronics has become a success story. In this paper, we present a scalable fabrication approach for making robust interconnects for stretchable electronics using 3dprinted liquid metal paste. Stretchable electronics have attracted a great deal of attention because of their potential applications in various areas ranging from robotic sensory skins and wearable communication devices to biointegrated devices 1, 2.
Seminar report on flexible electronics by sourabh kumar. The growth may be attributed to surging demand across healthcare, sport, and military sectors. Among representative 2d materials such as graphene, boron nitride, and transition metal dichalcogenides that exhibit extraordinary properties, graphene stands out in the flexible electronics field due to its. Materials and mechanics for stretchable electronics. In addition to stretchable devices, the topic of ultraflexible electronics is treated, highlighting its upcoming significance for the industrialscale production of electronic goods for the consumer. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading stretchable electronics. After print and cure, this ink would be capable of being stretched by at least 500 cycles at 20% strain without increasing its resistance by more than 30 times the.
Intrinsically stretchable transistor array as a core platform for functional skin electronics. Ongoing research is trying to prove instrumental towards making this a reality with through technical verifications and. Needs and enabling technologies for stretchable electronics. In the simplest case, stretchable electronics can be. Known as stretchable electronics, new devices such as sensors, transistors and circuits, lighting elements, power sources, as well as their interconnections. Fractal design concepts for stretchable electronics. Such skins conform to irregularly curved surfaces and carry arrays of thinfilm devices and integrated. The next materials challenge in organic stretchable electronics is the development of a fully degradable semiconductor that maintains stable electrical performance under strain. Serpentine interconnects on soft elastomers have been widely used to develop highperformance stretchable electronics. Conductive polymers including poly3,4ethylenedioxythiophene. Flexible and stretchable electronics paving the way for. Stretchable electronics have the potential to enable a wide variety of emerging applications including sensors or electronic device integration into textiles, conformable power, enhanced robotic mobility and manipulation, energy harvesting, fieldable biosensing, chemical sensing technology, as well as exoskeletons and multifunctional conforming suits.
Flexibleelectronics is rapidly finding many mainstream applications where lowcost, ruggedness, light weight, unconventional form factors and ease of. Soft and stretchable electronics are promising for a variety of applications such as wearable electronics, humanmachine interfaces, and soft robotics. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Handbook of flexible and stretchable electronics 1st. One of the most difficult challenges in the development of stretchable electronics is the simultaneous achievement of both excellent mechanical robustness and electronic. Stretchable and fully degradable semiconductors for. Global stretchable electronics market is expected to witness significant growth over the forecast period. Developing flexible and stretchable batteries with mechanical endurance that is on par with commercial standards and offer compliance while retaining safety remains a significant challenge. Stretchable electronics, also known as elastic electronics or elastic circuits, is a group of technologies for building electronic circuits by depositing or embedding electronic devices and circuits onto stretchable substrates such as silicones or polyurethanes, to make a completed circuit that can experience large strains without failure. In addition to stretchable devices, the topic of ultraflexible electronics is treated, highlighting its upcoming significance for the industrialscale production of. Introduction stretchable electronics have attracted a great deal of attention because of their potential applications in various. Rogers4 1school of chemical and biological engineering, institute of chemical processes, seoul national university, seoul 151744, korea. Encapsulation material can easily be selected based on the final use of the device stretchable interconnects exhibit superior. Platform for fabricating intrinsically stretchable transistor arrays.